For US Healthcare Professionals
Managing hyperkalemia can be challenging for you and your patients
Meet three types of patients, and learn about the different risks they can face
Burden in patients with CKD
Modifying RAASi* therapy can have consequences for your patients with HK (CKD subgroup analysis; n=11,873)1
In a retrospective analysis: Risk of progression to ESKD† with RAASi* modification in US patients with Stage 3 or 4 CKD and/or HF and HK1
compared with patients who maintained or uptitrated RAASi dose (n=4586, 138 events)1
KEY LIMITATIONS: Information on race, certain risk factors, other comorbidities, and severity markers for CKD and HF were not available. The primary outcome did not account for mortality as a competing risk. A higher proportion of patients who discontinued or down-titrated RAASi therapy had severe index HK episode (K+ ≥6.0 mEq/L) and higher use of MRA at baseline. Patients who were hospitalized and died within 90 days were excluded, leading to an underestimation of the risk of outcomes.2
*RAASi included ACEi, ARB, ARNI, and MRA. RAASi down-titration was defined as decrease in previously prescribed RAASi by >25% and discontinuation was defined as no fill of a new prescription within 90 days after index.2
†Initiation of hemodialysis or a diagnosis of ESKD or CKD Stage 5 in any position recorded in hospital, emergency, or outpatient setting.2
‡Adjusted for age, sex, history of HK, diabetes, HF, CKD including stage, and baseline use of RAASi.2
LOKELMA® (sodium zirconium cyclosilicate) is not indicated to reduce the risk of death or progression to ESKD or hospitalization.
ZORA was an observational analysis of US and Japan databases. For the US, data were retrieved from Optum’s de-identified Market Clarity Data between July 2019 and September 2021 in 15,488 adult patients with CKD Stage 3 or 4 and/or HF with an index HK episode (based on ICD codes) and ≥1 filled RAASi prescription within 6 months before index HK episode. Primary outcome evaluated the risk of ED visits or hospitalizations for HF or progression to ESKD (initiation of HD or a diagnosis of ESKD or Stage 5 CKD) in patients who discontinued or down-titrated RAASi compared to those who maintained or uptitrated RAASi following index HK episode. Data represent a subgroup of 11,873 patients with CKD (diagnosis code or eGFR) who were evaluated following an index HK episode.1,2
Interested in the risks patients with CKD face due to HK recurrence?
VIEW THE RISKSBurden in patients with HF
Modifying RAASi§ therapy can have consequences for your patients with high potassium (HF subgroup analysis; n=9086)3
In a real-world evidence study: Risk of HF-related hospitalizations or ED visits associated with RAASi§ modification in US patients with HF and/or Stage 3 or 4 CKD and HK3
compared with patients who maintained or uptitrated their RAASi dose (n=3049; 421 events)3
KEY LIMITATIONS: Information on race, certain risk factors, other comorbidities, and severity markers for CKD and HF were not available. The primary outcome did not account for mortality as a competing risk. A higher proportion of patients who discontinued or down-titrated RAASi therapy had severe index HK episode (potassium ≥6.0 mEq/L) and higher use of MRA at baseline. Patients who were hospitalized and died within 90 days were excluded, leading to an underestimation of the risk of outcomes.3
§RAASi included ACEi, ARB, ARNI, and MRA. RAASi discontinuation was defined as no fill of a new prescription within 90 days after index. RAASi down-titration was defined as >25% reduction in dose of any previously prescribed RAASi.1
‖Adjusted for age, sex, history of HK, diabetes, CKD including stage, and baseline use of RAASi.3
LOKELMA® (sodium zirconium cyclosilicate) is not indicated to reduce the risk of death or HF-related hospitalization.
ZORA was an observational analysis of US and Japan databases. For the US, data were retrieved from Optum’s de-identified Market Clarity Data between July 2019 and September 2021 in 15,488 adult patients with CKD Stage 3 or 4 and/or HF with an index HK episode (based on ICD codes) and ≥1 filled RAASi prescription within 6 months before index HK episode. Primary outcome evaluated the risk of ED visits or hospitalizations for HF or progression to ESKD (initiation of HD or a diagnosis of ESKD or Stage 5 CKD) in patients who discontinued or down-titrated RAASi compared to those who maintained or uptitrated RAASi following index HK episode. Data represent a subgroup of 9086 patients with HF (diagnosis code) who were evaluated following index HK episode.1,2
Could hyperkalemia be a driving force behind compromising MRA therapy?
VIEW THE RISKSBurden in patients regardless of comorbidity profile
Patients with hyperkalemia may be at an increased risk for all-cause mortality4¶
In a study of almost 1 million patients, hyperkalemia was an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality.4¶
In an RWE STUDY of patients from the EHR databases of multiple IDNsSerum K+ ≥5.0 was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients with hyperkalemia, regardless of comorbidity profile4¶
LOKELMA® (sodium zirconium cyclosilicate) is not indicated to reduce the risk of death.
Population-weighted adjusted predicted probability of mortality was 5.3% over an average 18-month follow-up for patients with CKD Stages 3-5 and mild hyperkalemia (5.0–<5.5 mEq/L).5
¶Retrospective study of 911,698 patients from multiple integrated health delivery networks (Humedica). Control group included 338,297 individuals without known HF, CKD, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or hypertension. Patient data came from private insurers, Medicare and Medicaid users, and uninsured individuals.4
CHOOSE LOKELMA to treat hyperkalemia
See the proven efficacy in a broad range of patients
EXPLORE CLINICAL DATA
